The transparent, self-cleaning coating improved photovoltaic efficiency from 13. Researchers have developed a PFAS-free dual-layer sol-gel and hydrophobic silica coating that repels water, dust, and dirt while maintaining high light transmission for solar panels. 56%, demonstrating strong. Therefore, there has been a recent surge in the development of multi-functional surface coatings for solar panels, aiming to impart properties like self-cleaning, anti-reflection, anti-fogging, anti-icing, self-stratifying, and self-healing.