The new energy policy package includes four legislative initiatives to strengthen the market integration of photovoltaic systems, boost digitalisation, and simply the operation of energy storage. These measures are designed to ensure the electricity supply remains secure, affordable, and. y energy storage system economically viable? By comparing the three optimal results,it can be identified that the costs and evaluation index values of wind-photovoltaic-storage hybrid power system with gravity energy storage system are optimal and the gravity nergy storage system is economically. In 2025, global annual renewable capacity additions increased by 16%, reaching 800 GW despite challenges linked to supply chain strains, grid connection delays, financial pressures and policy shifts. This marked the 23rd consecutive year that renewables set new expansion records. Solar PV accounted. The study provides a study on energy storage technologies for photovoltaic and wind systems in response to the growing demand for low-carbon transportation.
